Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) slows or blocks blood flow through the arteries, particularly in the legs. When left untreated, PAD can lead to leg pain, difficulty walking, slow-healing wounds, and, in severe cases, limb-threatening complications. A vascular and interventional radiologist (VIR) can diagnose and treat PAD using advanced imaging and minimally invasive, image-guided procedures. These treatments can restore blood flow while helping patients avoid more invasive surgery and enjoy an overall higher quality of life.
PAD often progresses slowly without symptoms. Many patients do not notice changes in their health until the condition is severe. Common symptoms of PAD include:
Without treatment, reduced blood flow can lead to chronic wounds, infections, tissue loss, and, in some cases, amputation.
The most common cause of peripheral arterial disease is atherosclerosis, a condition in which fatty deposits build up in the arteries, reducing blood flow. As the arteries narrow, less oxygen and nutrients can reach the legs. Several factors increase the risk of developing PAD, including:
If a patient has one or more of these risk factors, they are urged to note any changes in their leg health and discuss these changes with a vascular and interventional radiologist (VIR).
A VIR uses a combination of noninvasive testing and advanced imaging to evaluate blood flow and identify blocked or narrowed arteries.
One of the most common vascular techniques is the ankle-brachial index (ABI). ABI is a straightforward method for comparing blood pressure in the arms and ankles, allowing the VIR to detect blood circulation issues.
Another technique is ultrasound. This diagnostic technology uses sound waves to assess blood flow and identify areas of narrowing or blockage within the vessels. For more advanced imaging, CT angiography (CTA) and MR angiography (MRA) provide detailed pictures of the blood vessels, offering a clearer view of their structure.
In some cases, the VIR may recommend catheter angiography. This is a minimally invasive procedure that provides detailed visualization of the patient’s arteries. It also allows the medical professional to administer treatment during the same session when needed.
Treatment aims to improve circulation, relieve symptoms, prevent disease progression, and reduce the risk of limb loss. In minor cases, VIR may recommend lifestyle modifications, such as quitting smoking, exercising regularly, and controlling diabetes and blood pressure.
However, when symptoms persist, or circulation becomes severely compromised, the VIR may need to perform minimally invasive procedures. For example, during an angioplasty, the VIR can insert and inflate a tiny balloon within the narrowed artery to improve blood flow to the patient. In some cases, the VIR may need to place a stent to help keep the artery open after angioplasty.
Peripheral arterial disease is a serious but treatable condition. If you are experiencing leg pain while walking, non-healing wounds, or other symptoms of PAD, the ProVascularMD team is here to help. Call us today to learn more about our treatment options and to schedule a consultation.
Request an appointment here: https://applevalley.provascularmd.com or call ProVascularMD at (760) 810-4415 for an appointment in our Apple Valley office.
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